The persons taking care of young children (personnel of day nursery, teachers, parents) contract infectious diseases with a frequency more important than other adults.

Except tuberculosis and whooping cough (probably, for this last, because the adults are not re-vaccinated), on the whole, the children are better vectors of the respiratory infections than the adults. That is due to the high frequency of infections at the young children, to the more extended porterage and sometimes more important of different pathogenic agents (virus as well as bacteria), in the propensity of the young children to transmit infectious diseases.

The contact of adults with young children introducing a common infection drives most often to a simple colonisation, without clinical expression, sometimes to benign infections, more seldom to strict infections.

The picture I gives the main pathogenic agents for whom a more important impact of infections was described.

It is not for the respiratory infections, however the most frequent, that the increase of impact is the best researching. Indeed, on one hand, the clinical expression of these infections is often, due to its less symptomatic, immune past at the adult than at the child; on the other hand, the same pathogenic in respiratory tropisme can give clinical pictures different from an individual to other one.

Some infections have however a more serious clinical expression at the adult than at the child; it is the case of chicken pox, of measles or of hepatitis A.

Some pathogenic agents (viruses of rubella, CMV, parvovirus Bl9) can lead to dramatic consequences at the not immunised pregnant woman: f topathies driving to abortion, death ~n utero or in serious consequences.

The porterage of resistant bacteria is more frequent at the child's, especially in group, than at the adult. So, for the pneumocoque, they attend a not negligible increase from the direction occupied by the infantile said s rotypes (often resistant to antibiotics) in the infections of the adult. The transmission of resistant stocks of the children in their elder is one from the explanation to this worrying evolution.

Another parametre to be taken into account is the immune status of the adult likely to contract the infection. Indeed, immunod prim s subjects, by their illness and/or the treatments which they accept, are more at risk to develop an infection with resistant germ.

A reinforced programme of vaccination must be offered for the personnel taking care of children; besides classical vaccinations (diphtheria, tetanus, poliomyelitis), other vaccines are considered to be essentials, hepatitis B, hepatitis A, rougeoleoreillons-rubella (in the absence of prior immunity), or useful (influenza).

Besides, a regular surveillance of the cutaneous tuberculiniques (IDR) reactions and pulmonary radios is justified.

New vaccines put recently on the market (coquelucheux acellulaire) or shortly available (chicken pox to not immunised subjects) will probably be to offer. Finally, in spite of the evolution of resistance of S. pnenmoni in antibiotics, vaccine pneumococcique current 23 valencies is not used enough to our opinion.